Klaas Meurs was born in Opperdoes, The Netherlands. March 27, 1977 is a date permanently etched in aviation history. The Pan Am pilot sees Charlie 2, which his plane is now passing in the fog. On March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747 passenger jets collided on the runway at Los Rodeos Airport , on the Spanish island of Tenerife, Canary Islands. One reason is that as the KLM captain wanted to takeoff quickly so that he could return to Amsterdam. The Tenerife airport disaster occurred on Sunday, March 27, 1977, when two Boeing 747 passenger aircraft collided on the runway of Los Rodeos Airport (now known as Tenerife North Airport) on the Spanish island of Tenerife, one of the Canary Islands. On the runway sat two fully loaded jumbo airliners. APP—Air traffic control tower at Los Rodeos Airport 1703:16.6 PA 1: We could probably go in, it's ah... 1703:19.1 PA 2: You gotta make a 90-degree turn. Air Traffic Control gives the KLM crew clearance, but, crucially, not to begin takeoff but only to fly a certain route after takeoff. Get off! The transverse taxiways are identified as Charlie 1, 2, 3, and 4, as shown in the diagram. ACH (1510) Willem Felderhof – Tenerife Airport Disaster: The Deadliest Accident In Aviation History. This portion of the transcript comes from the Pan Am cockpit voice recorder. The Tenerife airport disaster happened on March 27, 1977, when two Boeing 747s collided on the ground of Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport). In the aftermath of the disaster at Tenerife, officials implemented standard aviation phrasing worldwide to avoid similar confusion in the future. As Los Rodeos Airport fills up on this day with an uncommon number of large aircraft, Air Traffic Control orders the planes to line up at the end of the landing runway (see number 2 on the diagram). 1704:58.2 APP: [KLM] 8705 [sic] and Clipper 1736, for your information, the centerline lighting is out of service. Why Air Traffic Control would say "okay" after KLM has said it is taking off is unknown. The crash was caused by many reasons. 1706:12.25 KLM 1: Let's go ... check thrust. Just 61 people survived, all from the Pan Am jumbo jet. 1705:28.5 PA 3: Next one is almost a 45, huh, yeah. 1705:26.5 PA 2: That's this one right here. At 4:58 p.m. on March 27, 1977, when this transcript begins, the KLM and Pan Am 747s are both in queue to taxi down the runway and turn around for takeoff. KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736 collide on the runway in thick fog during the KLM aircraft's attempt to take off, killing 583 people. Like the other airplane involved in the crash, it is diverted to Tenerife's airport when the Las Palmas airport suddenly closes. All those onboard this plane when it crashes die. Get off!" Paragraphs preceding sections of the transcript, and also explanatory text attached to linked words or phrases, are NOVA annotations. 1704:05.0 PA 1: Okay, here's a left and I'll give you a right one right here. 1703:47.6 APP: ...er 7136 [sic] report leaving the runway. 1705:40.0 PA 2: Maybe he, maybe he counts these (are) three. Exactly 40 years ago, at Tenerife-North Airport (formerly Los Rodeos), two Boeing 747s - one belonging to KLM, the other to Pan Am - collided on a foggy runway. There, on March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747s — one belonging to KLM, the other to Pan Am — collided on a foggy runway. Climb to and maintain flight level 90 ... right turn after takeoff proceed with heading 040 until intercepting the 325 radial from Las Palmas VOR. March 27, 1977. Join us as we examine the 1977 crash at Los Rodeos Airport that killed 583 people and the shocking reasons behind it. Gran Canaria shut down for several hours, causing the temporary diversion of KLM 4805 and Pan Am 1736 to Los Rodeos Airport on Tenerife. 1703:21.6 PA 2: Ninety-degree turn to get around this ... this one down here, it's a 45. For those unfamiliar with the accident, the key points (taken from Wikipedia) are that two Boeing 747 passenger jets, operating KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736, collided on the runway at Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport) on the Spanish… 1702:41.6 PA 4: They put a bomb (in) the terminal, sir, right where the check-in counters are. The transcript uses standard aviation notation to represent time. Five hundred and eighty-three people were killed in what remains the biggest air disaster in history. 1706:14.00: [Sound of engines starting to accelerate.]. Title: The Tenerife crash - March 27th, 1977. 1702:39.2 PA 1: What really happened over there today? On 27 March 1977, the deadliest-ever aviation accident occurs at Los Rodeos Airport (now known as Tenerife-North Airport) in the Canary Islands. At 1706:47.44, the KLM pilot screams, and the collision occurs. 1703:40.1 PA 1: That's what we need right, the third one. On a Wednesday 42 years ago, the world reeled with shock when two packed passenger jets collided at the airport on Tenerife in Spain’s Canary Islands. But from the transcript it's unclear what the flight crew subsequently considers the proper taxiway to turn on, Charlie 3 or Charlie 4. And in the end, the KLM pilot initiates takeoff, even though Air Traffic Control has not issued the proper clearance. 1703:36.4 APP: The third one, sir, one, two, three, third, third one. When it re-opened, both aircraft taxied for their flights to Las Palmas in succession but the KLM aircraft began tak… This crash killed 583 people onboard the two flights. 1659:28.4 KLM RT: Approach, you want us to turn left at Charlie 1, taxiway Charlie 1? But as the plane taxis down the runway, the flight crew apparently can't decide whether Air Traffic Control considers this a taxiway proper. [background conversation in tower]. I'll ask him again. On March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747 passenger jets, operating KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736, collided on the runway at Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport) on the Spanish island of Tenerife. It was an unfortunate series of very unfortunate events that led to the deadliest aviation disaster of all time. 1702:59.9 APP: Okay ... at the end of the runway make 180 [degree turn] and report—ah—ready—ah—for ATC clearance. ACH (1509) Dr. Peter Hammond – The Real Story Of The Spanish Armada And Its Relevance Today. The crash is the deadliest accident in aviation history with a total of 583 fatalities. 1702:16.4 PA RT: Third to the left, okay. 1704:21.7 PA 1: They're free, the indicators are checked. The copilot is apparently announcing that KLM is now taking off, yet the tower does not understand his comment this way, evidenced by its instruction moments later to stand by and wait for its clearance. The Pan Am pilot guns the engines but it's too late. Note: The transcript below comes from the official Spanish accident report (see www.project-tenerife.com/engels/PDF/Tenerife.pdf) and has been slightly modified for clarity and ease of reading. Both planes involved in the crash had been scheduled to depart from Las Palmas on the island of Gran Canaria.However, a terrorist bombing there earlier in the day caused the planes to be diverted to the small Los Rodeos Airport on … On March 27, 1977, on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands, two 747 jumbo jets collided on a fog-shrouded runway, killing 583 people in what is still the deadliest crash in aviation history. 90-degree turn © WGBH Educational Foundation. The Tenerife Airport Disaster occurred at just before 5:07pm on 27 March 1977. Today (27 March) is the anniversary of the world's worst plane disaster (not due to terrorism), the Tenerife Airport Disaster. Five hundred and eighty-three people were killed in what remains the biggest air disaster in history. Storyline. Goddamn, that [expletive deleted] is coming!" I also saw a made for TV movie about the disaster. The Tenerife airport disaster was a fatal collision between two Boeing 747 passenger aircraft on Sunday, March 27, 1977, on the runway of Los Rodeos Airport (now known as Tenerife North Airport), on the Spanish island of Tenerife, one of the Canary Islands. With the KLM aircraft now taxiing down Runway 12, Air Traffic Control turns its attention to Pan Am 1736. Parts 3, 4 and 5 will be uploaded today..On March 27th, 1977 the worse disaster in aviation history took place. 1705:23.5 PA 3: Yeah, that's 45 [degrees] there. The big town on Tenerife is Santa Cruz, and its airport, beneath a set of cascading hillsides, is called Los Rodeos. KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736 collide on the runway in thick fog during the KLM aircraft's attempt to take off, killing 583 people. 1702:46.6 PA 1: Well, we asked them if we could hold and—uh—I guess you got the word, we landed here... 1702:49.8 APP: KLM 4805 how many taxiway—ah—did you pass? 1704:44.6 PA 2: Four and a half on the right. Major funding for NOVA is provided by the David H. Koch Fund for Science, the NOVA Science Trust, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and PBS viewers. This aircraft is a Boeing 747 carrying 234 passengers and 14 crew. The controllers instruct the plane to travel down the runway and then exit it using one of the transverse taxiways. PA RT: And we are still taxiing down the runway, the Clipper 1736. Charlie 1 1658:14.8 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Whether you're ready for the return of your favorite show or need to catch up, May is packed with an array of returning series. Receive emails about upcoming NOVA programs and related content, as well as featured reporting about current events through a science lens.Email AddressZip CodeSubscribeBy the time either flight crew saw the other plane in the fog, it was too late to avert the disaster, which arose out of a series of miscommunications among both flight crews and the control tower. Every airport has its own minimum visibility requirement for takeoffs. www.project-tenerife.com/engels/PDF/Tenerife.pdf, The Secret Life of Scientists and Engineers. Taxi into the runway and—ah—leave runway (third) to your left. I read that on the back (of this) just a while ago. The KLM captain decided to refuel the jet while in Tenerife. The Pan Am captain says "There he is ... look at him! Among the many various aircrafts were Pan American flight 1736 and KLM flight 4805,two Boeing 747s that collided on the Los Rodeos runway,killing 583 people. There, on March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747s — one belonging to KLM, the other to Pan Am — collided on a foggy runway. 1704:34.5 PA 2: Weight and balance finals? 1659:10.0 KLM RT: KLM 4805 is now on the runway. Written by On 27 March 1977, a Boeing 747-200 (PH-BUF) being operated by KLM on a passenger charter flight from Amsterdam to Las Palmas as KLM4805 and a Boeing 747-100 (N73PA) being operated by Pan American Airways on a passenger flight from Los Angeles to Las Palmas via New York as Clipper 1736 both diverted to Tenerife Los Rodeos when Las Palmas was unexpectedly and temporarily closed. Tenerife Airport Disaster - Disaster - Taxiing and Weather Conditions. (One passenger, a tour guide, got off the plane in Tenerife.). It is a chartered flight bound from Amsterdam to Las Palmas in the Canary Islands. KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736 collide on the runway in thick fog during the KLM aircraft's attempt to take off, killing 583 people. 1705:35.9 PA 3: Yeah, just a little bit, yeah. The Pan Am flight crew now sees taxiway Charlie 1, which they're now just passing on their journey up the runway. This phrase used by the KLM copilot is nonstandard, as is the tower's vague "okay" after the captain starts powering up and says "Let's go." Both are actually the same runway; the difference lies in which direction a plane is facing as it travels along the runway. KLM 4805 takeoff minimums 1658:30.4 APP: Okay, 4805 ... taxi ... to the holding position Runway 30. With a total of 583 fatalities, … The photograph at the beginning of the article gives false information and should be deleted, because the planes are shown in the air just before the collision takes place. Runway 12/30 1703:58.6 PA 1: Ah—Bob, we'll get a left one... 1704:02.6 PA 1: I'll give you a little... 1704:03.8 PA 2: Put a little aileron in this thing. 1703:50.2 PA 1: Ten, indicate 10, leading edge lights are green. Disaster at Tenerife An explosion at a nearby airport had redirected air traffic to the undermanned airfield this island. 1702:33.1 PA 1: I don't think they have takeoff minimums anywhere right now. They also called in a threat of a second bomb. Here, the Pan Am captain, noticing the thickening fog, surmises that the poor visibility will not meet the takeoff minimums and therefore no planes will be cleared to take off until the visibility improves. Five hundred and eighty-three people were killed in what remains the biggest air disaster in history. Backtracking means using the same runway for both taxiing and takeoff, i.e., taxiing down it in one direction then turning around and taking off in the opposite direction. Written by Enzedder. we're now at takeoff PA 1—Victor Grubbs, Pan Am Captain [APP transmission is readable but slightly broken]. Daha fazla videoya gözat. 1706:25.59 PA RT: Okay, we'll report when we're clear. 1701:57.0 PA RT: Tenerife, the Clipper 1736. Pan Am 1736 carries 378 passengers, 16 crew, and two Pan Am employees, who boarded in Tenerife and are sitting in the cockpit jumpseats. The following messages are audible in the KLM cockpit, causing the KLM flight engineer, even as the KLM plane has begun rolling down the runway, to question the pilot: 1706:25.47 APP: Ah—Papa Alpha 1736 report runway clear. Tenerife Airport disaster/Disaster at the Tenerife March 27,1977,a terrorist bombing at Gran Canaria,caused many aircrafts to go to Los Rodeos airport because there was a threat of another bomb. Because the actions of both the flight crews of the two aircraft and Los Rodeos Airport's air traffic controllers directly contributed to the disaster, the log of conversations between the two planes and the tower in the minutes leading up to the collision was investigators' key tool for ultimately piecing together the events. What is ironic about the disaster at Tenerife Norte Airport (TFN), formally known as Los Rodeos Airport, is that so many things contributed to what happened on that Sunday afternoon 43 years ago. This would clear the way for the KLM plane to take off. The KLM aircraft is ahead of the Pan Am aircraft (see Figure 1 below). That's two. On 27 March 1977, the deadliest-ever aviation accident occurs at Los Rodeos Airport (now known as Tenerife-North Airport) in the Canary Islands. you are cleared The KLM plane, for example, taxis along Runway 12 (short for 120°, the direction it is then facing), then turns 180° and attempts takeoff in the opposite direction on what for it has then become Runway 30 (short for 300°). In the end, its decision to take the fourth rather than the third taxiway did contribute to the accident. PA 3—George Warns, Pan Am Flight Engineer. and his copilot yells "Get off! With Paul Bandey, Anne Cart, Lee Delong, Mike Dineen. The Pan Am copilot has a small map of the airport, which shows that the first taxiway is a 90-degree turn. Air Crash Investigation The Tenerife Airport. 1658:14.8 signifies 4:58 p.m. and 14.8 seconds. 1705:32.4 PA 1: Yeah, but it goes ... ahead, I think (it's) gonna put us on (the) taxiway. ["third" drawn out and emphasized]. 1659:04.5 KLM RT: Roger, make a backtrack. Perhaps because of the KLM pilot's very senior position, neither the copilot nor flight engineer questions the pilot again, and the impact occurs about 13 seconds later. Some back-and-forth occurs initially about what Air Traffic Control considers the best way to get the KLM plane into position for takeoff, but ultimately the controllers decide to send it taxiing straight down the runway. In the final minute before the collision, key misunderstandings occur among all the parties involved. 1658:14.8 KLM RT: Approach KLM 4805 on the ground in Tenerife. [emphatically]. it's a 45 National corporate funding for NOVA is provided by Draper. 1704:52.1 PA 1: Okay, it'll be standard. Need some help finding the best things to watch on Netflix? Let our editors help you find what's trending and what's worth your time. 1702:03.6 PA RT: Ah—we were instructed to contact you and also to taxi down the runway, is that correct? Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. 1659:32.2 APP: Negative, negative, taxi straight ahead—ah—up to the end of the runway and make backtrack. 1706:09.6 KLM RT: Ah, roger, sir, we're cleared to the Papa beacon flight level 90, right turn out 040 until intercepting the 325, and we're now (at takeoff). Sixty-one people on this plane will survive the impending collision, though nine of these later die from their injuries. 1703:09.3 PA 2: The first one is a 90-degree turn. 12 for takeoff Runway 30 [sound of stabilizer trim]. See Runway 12/30. ... (2,300 ft) visibility, as noted in the NOVA documentary and relayed by surviving Pan Am co-pilot Robert Bragg. 1704:37.2 PA 1: We were gonna put that on four and a half. Here, read an annotated transcript of the two planes' communications with the tower. They put a bomb (in) the terminal Resulting in 583 fatalities, this accident is the deadliest in aviation history. Some 583 people died or were mortally injured on March 27th 1977 after two Boeing 747 jumbo jets collided on a runway at Los Rodeos airport, Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, making this the world's worst civil aviation disaster. 1705:44.6 KLM RT: Uh, the KLM 4805 is now ready for takeoff and we're waiting for our ATC clearance. 1703:29.3 PA RT: Would you confirm that you want the Clipper 1736 to turn left at the third intersection? Enzedder. Perhaps the first thing you should know is that Jacob Veldhuyzen van Zanten – who piloted the Dutch KLM 747 that was involved in the crash – had served as a role model for other airline pilots. This portion of the transcript comes from the KLM cockpit voice recorder. View production, box office, & company info. Air Crash Investigation The Tenerife Air Disaster - YouTube Get a sneak peek of the new version of this page. For them, however, they would each represent roughly 135° turns, hence their eventual decision to turn on Charlie 4, which is a much easier turn because of the angle. 1704:09.7 PA 1: Okay, right turn right and left yaw. Within three hours, 583 people would be dead. holding position On 27 March 1977, the deadliest-ever aviation accident occurs at Los Rodeos Airport (now known as Tenerife-North Airport) in the Canary Islands. Until the day of his death, he had the total of 9.200 flying hours, 95 of them are on Boeing 747. 1705:53.4 APP: KLM 8705 [sic] uh you are cleared to the Papa beacon. Still looking at his map, the Pan Am copilot is probably referring to either Charlie 2 or Charlie 3 taxiways here, both of which lie at roughly 45° angles to the runway. 1704:50.5 PA 2: Takeoff and departure briefing? Add the first question. Click on highlighted terms for a glossary. Saturday, 26 May 2012 1977, News: Tenerife airport disaster On March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747 passenger aircraft collided on the runway of Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport) on the Spanish Canary Island of Tenerife. In this extract from Cockpit Confidential, 1704:39.8 PA 3: We got four and a half and we weigh 534. I will call you. KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736 collide on the runway in thick fog during the KLM aircraft's attempt to take off, killing 583 people. Perhaps, the official investigation noted, the controller thought that KLM meant "we're now at takeoff position." 1702:08.4 APP: Affirmative, taxi into the runway and—ah—leave the runway third, third to your left, [background conversation in the tower]. Clipper 1736 1706:35.70 KLM 1: Oh, yes. In the transcript, both Runway 12 and Runway 30 are mentioned. PA 2—Robert Bragg, Pan Am First Officer We gonna go straight out there till we get 3,500 feet, then we're gonna make that reversal and go back out to ... 14. 1705:41.5 KLM 2: Wait a minute, we don't have an ATC clearance. Receive emails about upcoming NOVA programs and related content, as well as featured reporting about current events through a science lens. 1704:12.4 PA 1: Okay, here's the rudders. On March 27, 1977, the worst disaster in aviation history occurred in what was known as the Tenerife Airport Disaster. backtrack PA RT—Pan Am aircraft radio transmission On 27 March 1977, the deadliest-ever aviation accident occurs at Los Rodeos Airport (now known as Tenerife-North Airport) in the Canary Islands. At 2:00 in the afternoon, a thick fog rolled into the usually quiet Los Rodeos Airport in Tenerife, in the Canary Islands. The purpose of this article is to explain the details of the Tenerife airport disaster and then draw lessons that can help crews in the utility industry work even more safely. 1658:47.4 KLM RT: Roger, sir, (entering) the runway at this time and the first (taxiway) we, we go off the runway again for the beginning of Runway 30. 583 lives were lost when a KLM 747 collided with a Pan Am 747 at Tenerife’s Los Rodeos Airport (TFN). 1704:13.6 PA 1: Here's two left, center, two right center. One of those survivors was Purser Dorothy Kelly. Klaas Meurs (b. Based on the Pan Am cockpit voice recording, investigators determined that the Pan Am flight crew saw the KLM coming at them out of the fog about nine seconds before impact. 1702:55.6 KLM RT: I think we just passed Charlie 4 now. It departed from Los Angeles bound for the same intended destination as KLM 4805—Las Palmas's Gran Canaria International Airport—but was diverted to Tenerife. Captain van Zanten on the KLM plane apparently mistakes the meaning of "clearance" here. At Gran Canaria International Airport, the intended destination for both aircraft, Canary Island separatists exploded a bomb in the concourse earlier that day, injuring several people. I remember the Tenerife disaster first hand when it occurred in March, 1977. 1704:37.7: [Sounds similar to stabilizer trim]. Listen to ACH (1510) Willem Felderhof – Tenerife Airport Disaster: The Deadliest Accident In Aviation History and nine more episodes by ACH, free! The Tenerife airport disaster was a fatal runway collision between two Boeing 747s on Sunday, March 27, 1977, at Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North. The big town on Tenerife is Santa Cruz, and its airport, beneath a set of cascading hillsides, is called Los Rodeos. 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