Heat of Vaporization at Normal Boiling Point, LogP (Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient), Ghose-Crippen Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient (logP), Moriguchi Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient (logP), Activity Score for Ion Channel Modulators, Activity Score for Nuclear Receptor Ligands, Structure Data File (SDF/MOL File) of thymine, 5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione, InChI=1S/C5H6N2O2/c1-3-2-6-5(9)7-4(3)8/h2H,1H3,(H2,6,7,8,9), 15 atom(s) - 6 Hydrogen atom(s), 5 Carbon atom(s), 2 Nitrogen atom(s) and 2 Oxygen atom(s), 15 bond(s) - 9 non-H bond(s), 3 multiple bond(s), 3 double bond(s), 1 six-membered ring(s), 1 urea (-thio) derivative(s) and 1 imide(s) (-thio), Zidovudine Related Compound C, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, 2,4(1H,3H)-PYRIMIDINEDIONE,5-METHYL-, LABELED WITH TRITIUM (9CI), METHYL, (1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRO-2,4-DIOXO-5-PYRIMIDINYL)-, Thymine, pharmaceutical secondary standards; traceable to USP, 2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine; 5-Methyluracil, 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl- (9CI), 2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl- (9CI), Thymine, suitable for cell culture, BioReagent, 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl-, labeled with tritium. The second stage or mechanism removes the damaged part from the single strand of DNA by the excision enzyme. The molecule that has a cyclic structure, resonance bonding, and flat molecule that provides stability to the molecule is known as the aromatic compound. The critical metabolic disorders also occur due to thymine such as Beta ureidopropionase deficiency, the pathway of mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, and UMP synthase deficiency. The heavy atom count is 9 and the surface area of topological polar is 58.2 Ų. The molecular weight of thymine is 126.11 g/mol. Images of the chemical structure of thymine are given below: The 2D chemical structure image of thymine is also called skeletal formula, which is the standard notation for organic molecules. The covalent bonds are constructed across the molecules of thymine on a similar strand of DNA on exposure to UV rays leading to the formation of thymine dimers. Thymine is also used in reactions of DNA repair, base-excision repair, depyrimidination, nucleobase catabolism, cleavage of damaged pyrimidine, DNA replication. Nucleoside and thymidine are formed by the covalent bond that joins to the deoxyribose sugar molecule known as a glycosidic bond.

The action of enzyme thymidine phosphorylase on thymidine leads to the formation of thymine and deoxyribose 1-phosphate. DNA, along with RNA (ribonucleic acid), regulates hereditary characteristics in all living cells. The process of repair occurs in two stages. For physicochemical, thermodynamic, transport, spectra, and other property data & information, the followings are available from “Mol-Instincts”, a chemical database based on quantum mechanics: The SMILES string of thymine is Cc1c[nH]c(=O)[nH]c1=O, which can be can be imported by most molecule editors for conversion back into two-dimensional drawings or three-dimensional models of the thymine. Please hyperlink "Mol-Instincts" to www.molinstincts.com. Omissions? Also known as 5-methyluracil, thymine (T) is a pyrimidine nucleobase, which pairs with adenine (A), a purine nucleobase. Like the other nitrogenous components of nucleic acids, thymine is part of thymidine, a corresponding nucleoside (a structural unit composed of a nitrogen compound and a sugar), in which it is chemically linked with the sugar deoxyribose.

The DNA damage is repaired by most of the cells. The nucleotide, the nucleoside, or thymine itself may be prepared from DNA by selective techniques of hydrolysis. The ring structures or heterocyclic compounds are also known as cyclic compounds. The hydroxyl group is attached to the pyrimidine ring in these groups of organic compounds. These are organic compounds containing a hydroxyl group attached to a pyrimidine ring.

The structure of thymine is heterocyclic, aromatic, and comes under organic molecules. © 2003-2020 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. The information of the atoms, bonds, connectivity and coordinates included in the chemical structure of thymine can easily be identified by this visualization. The structure data file (SDF/MOL File) of thymine is available for download in the SDF page of thymine, which provides the information about the atoms, bonds, connectivity and coordinates of thymine. https://www.britannica.com/science/thymine, ISCID Encyclopedia of Science and Philosophy - Thymine. i.e., they both have the same value. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions.

All eukaryotes have thymine from small species such as yeast to large species such as humans. The thymine compound may be called differently depending on the various different situations of industrial applications. DNA is composed of millions of these bases strung in an apparently limitless variety of sequences. Molecular Formula C 5 H 6 N 2 O 2; Average mass 126.113 Da; Monoisotopic mass 126.042931 Da; ChemSpider ID 1103 The contents of this page can freely be shared if cited as follows: Updates? Thymine is also termed as 5-methyl uracil. When stacked with the other base pair, guanine (G) and cytosine (C), the helical structure of DNA (or RNA) is formed. A single purine or pyrimidine is attached to each sugar, and the entire phosphate-sugar-base subunit is called a nucleotide. They are difficult to break apart and they do not react instantly. Thymine is most often represented as a ring-like structure called a pyrimidine. Pyrimidine has four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the three and one positions of the ring and it is a ring of six-atoms. The thymine molecule contains a total of 15 bond(s) There are 9 non-H bond(s), 3 multiple bond(s), 3 double bond(s), 1 six-membered ring(s), 1 urea (-thio) derivative(s) and 1 imide(s) (-thio). The thymine structure data file can be imported to most of the cheminformatics software systems and applications. The carbonyl groups are attached at the position of 2' and 6' while the double bond exists at the left side of the molecule. The DNA polymerase takes place in the nucleotides that are excised and this leads to the formation of phosphodiester bond with the enzyme DNA ligase. The 5' contains a methyl group attached to thymine which is a differentiating feature from uracil that contains hydrogen at that place. Conversion of complicated chemical-related units is no longer sophisticated with the aid of UnitPot. Thymine is a water-soluble, rigid, and weakly acidic molecule.

Thymin structure. The carbon atoms in the chemical structure of thymine are implied to be located at the corner(s) and hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms are not indicated – each carbon atom is considered to be associated with enough hydrogen atoms to provide the carbon atom with four bonds. It is in the sequence of bases that the genetic information is contained, each sequence determining the sequence of amino acids to be connected into proteins. At the 1' and 3' atoms, thymine contains nitrogen that is attached to the hydrogen bonds. The structure of nucleic acid is stabilized by the phosphodiester bond. It is also part of thymidylic acid, a nucleotide (a larger structural unit composed of a nucleoside and phosphoric acid), which is a phosphate ester of thymidine. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Carbon atoms are present in organic compounds therefore a heterocyclic compound must have carbons atoms and other elements such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. A nucleotide…, are cytosine (C) and thymine (T) in DNA and cytosine (C) and uracil (U) in RNA. Thymine. The molecular weight of thymine is available in molecular weight page of thymine, which is calculated as the sum of the atomic weights of each constituent element multiplied by the number of atoms of that element in the molecular formula. A chemical structure of a molecule includes the arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together. Announcing our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! guanine, and thymine. In the same way as the other pyrimidines, cytosine and uracil, thymine has nitrogen (N) at the 1’ and 3’; each one is bonded to hydrogen (H). The reactions involving thymine are used in nucleotide metabolism, and, pyrimidine catabolism. Corrections? Thymine, organic compound of the pyrimidine family that is a constituent of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The relationship between the number of pairs of G and C…. By right-clicking the visualization screen, various other options are available including the visualization of van der Waals surface and exporting to a image file. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox.

Then, try SnaPeaks – simply upload your MS/MS data and SnaPeaks will provide what’s in your natural products. The 3D structure of thymine can be shown through a ball and stick diagram that shows the presence of hydrogen atoms. Thymine, organic compound of the pyrimidine family that is a constituent of deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ). The metabolism pathway of pyrimidine in humans includes thymine in humans. Hydroxypyrimidine is the class of the organic compounds to which thymine belongs. The nucleic acids extracted from different species of animals and plants have different proportions…, (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). Thymine plays a role in various reactions of enzymes. Each respective base is in the shape of a ring-like form and there are two types. The enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase converts thymine into dihydrothymine. Source: Mol-Instincts Chemical Database, Predicted on Quantum. The compound whose atoms are connected to form a ring is known as cyclic compounds. The N molecule at the 3’ prime forms the glycosidic bond – the covalent bond which joins to the deoxyribose sugar to form the nucleoside, thymidine. © 2020 ChemEssen, Inc. All rights reserved. The structure of thymine is heterocyclic, aromatic, and comes under organic molecules. This process is known as photoreactivation and occurs in various species except for placental mammals. The thymine dimers form kinks in the DNA causing damages. This leads to inhibition of DNA function that can be regained or replaced. The mass of thymine is 126.043 g/mol and mono-isotopic mass is 126.043 g/mol.

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