Thus, History and Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the circles of the youthful intelligentsia. Georg Lukács was a Hungarian Marxist philosopher, aesthetician, literary historian, and critic. ously affected by History and Class Consciousness, since there are a couple of unmistakable hints at it in Being and Time. n. 1. awareness of one's own social or economic rank. For those critics, like Althusser, who claim Marx jettisoned his theory of alienation, and humanism, in Capital, one wonders how Lukacs found it in capital, when it's never made explicit. George Lukacs's History and Class Consciousness is a truly extraordinary work, and its English translation, after almost fifty years of neglect by English and American publishers, is a major event...The full quality of Lukacs's brilliance is most powerfully manifested in this 'youthful' work (done when merely 38! I've heard before that Lukacs was a Stalinist, but clearly the people spouting this claptrap have not read his essay on Reification. The book consists of a series of essays treating, among other topics, the definition of orthodox Marxism, the question of legality and illegality, Rosa Luxemburg as a Marxist, the changing function of Historic Marxism, class consciousness, and the substantiation and consciousness of the Proletariat. In the very last paragraph, Heidegger, in an obvious reaction to Lukacs's critique of "reification," asks the question: "we know for a long time that there is the danger to 'reify consciousness.' Thus,History and Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the circles of the youthfulintelligentsia. ), where he reveals himself as by far and away the most talented philosopher among 20th-century Marxists, and as their most penetrating critic of contemporary culture...he is a major stimulus in the development of what is certainly the most creative school of social theorists in the 20th century, and of whom Herbert Marcuse is only the best-known member. Writing in 1968, on the occasion of the appearance of his collected works, Lukács evaluated the influence of this book as follows: "For the historical effect of History and Class Consciousness and also for the actuality of the present time one problem is of decisive importance: alienation, which is here treated for the first time since Marx as the central question of a revolutionary critique of capitalism, and whose historical as well as methodological origins are deeply rooted in Hegelian dialectic. The book consists of a series of essays treating, among other topics, the definition of orthodox Marxism, the question of legality and illegality, Rosa Luxemburg as a Marxist, the changing function of Historic Marxism, class consciousness, and the substantiation and consciousness of the Proletariat. It remains however hugely significant for re-emphasising the Hegelian and dialectical side of Marx's work. Writing in 1968, on the occasion of the appearance of his collected works, Lukács evaluated the influence of this book as follows: "For the historical effect of History and Class Consciousness and also for the actuality of the present time one problem is of decisive importance: alienation, which is here treated for the first time since Marx as the central question of a revolutionary critique of capitalism, and whose historical as well as methodological origins are deeply rooted in Hegelian dialectic. concept of class consciousness emerged during the early- to mid-19th century when Karl Marxbegan to separate the concept of a social class from the meanings that people attached to those classes. Indeed Lukács himself disowned them at the end of the 1920s. For all this, then, we owe homage to Georg Lukacs. It goes without saying that the problem was omnipresent. It goes without saying that the problem was omnipresent. Top subscription boxes – right to your door, © 1996-2021, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. For the last book of 2020, the Past & Present Reading Group tackled Georg Lukács’ classic, History and Class Consciousness.There was a general sense that although the text remains a critical work for the development of a theory of praxis and for historical materialism more broadly, as well as an important historical document of the political debates of his time, it left us wanting. History and Class Consciousness and his other books from the period were first denounced and then suppressed by the Stalinists. This bar-code number lets you verify that you're getting exactly the right version or edition of a book. : M.I.T. ), where he reveals himself as by far and away the most talented philosopher among 20th-century Marxists, and as their most penetrating critic of contemporary culture...he is a major stimulus in the development of what is certainly the most creative school of social theorists in the 20th century, and of whom Herbert Marcuse is only the best-known member. West of the Tracks: History and Class-Consciousness West of the Tracks: History and Class-Consciousness Chapter: (p.56) (p.57) 4 West of the Tracks: History and Class-Consciousness Source: The New Chinese Documentary Film Movement Author(s): Lu … However, the former idealist had not a little bit of independence in him, and the essays collected here still provide much of value to those looking to rigorize their activism a little; even if "intersectionality" is your bag I always thought I could detect a Lukacsean strain in Albert Murray's *The Omni-Americans*, one of the notable early Black Studies books. What is important is that the alienation of man was recognized and appreciated as the central problem of the time in which we live, by bourgeois as well as proletarian, by politically rightist and leftist thinkers. It suffices today to say that the problem was in the air, particularly if we analyze its background in detail in order to clarify its effect, the mixture of Marxist and Existentialist thought processes, which prevailed especially in France immediately after the Second World War. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics (German: Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein: Studien über marxistische Dialektik) is a 1923 book by the Hungarian philosopher György Lukács, in which Lukács re-emphasizes Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's influence on Karl Marx, analyses the concept of class consciousness, and attempts a philosophical justification of Bolshevism. ", Georg Lukács and Rodney Livingstone, https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/history-and-class-consciousness, International Affairs, History, & Political Science. The basic willingness to examine Rosa Luxemburg's major work The Accumulation of Capital early in this book and her "Critique of the Russian Revolution" over 200 pages later in documents written in the years 1918 to 1930 to provide a history of times for cycles of social hysteria about who means what in shifting schemes for very European intellectual baby Babylons acting like Gog and Magog lining up for too many halves of the apocalypse producing the incoming undertow of where do we go from dimorphism mobs of guys ganging up on girls to render people powerless to the marginal thinking of unspeakable magic money paper, plastic, or raising the debt ceiling within a hundred years of my lifetime and now, it was somehow surprising to find revolution as a scientific term for work of scholars which I quote: Decent quality- book is an important read but is a skewed POV, 階級意識という言葉がなぜその時点で意味を持ったのかというと、「ぶっちゃけ、結局、生まれで決まっちゃうよね」的な主張が「言葉と物」のような本（それを書いた人物は間違っても哲学者ではない）のトーンにあったからでした。. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. This text became an important reference point both for critical social theory and for many currents of countercultural thought. In History and Class Consciousness, Lukács laid out a wide-ranging critique of the phenomenon of “reification” in capitalism and formulated a vision of Marxism as a self-conscious transformation of society. This is most assuredly the greatest book of Marxists philosophy, since the death of Marx. To get the free app, enter your mobile phone number. Excellent, focussed, Marxist volume--many of its theses persisting in relevance. The publication of Georg Lukács’ History and Class Consciousness in 1923 created a rift in the international Marxist movement unlike any other. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. Unable to add item to List. (March 1919) The Marxism of Rosa Luxemburg (Jan 1921) Class Consciousness (March 1920) Reification a nd the Consciousness of the Prole tariat (1923) I wager it's because Lukacs really is a genius, and a great philosophic mind, who went unappreciated, and remains unappreciated. About History and Class Consciousness. Thus, History and Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the circles of the youthful intelligentsia." What is important is that the alienation of man was recognized and appreciated as the central problem of the time in which we live, by bourgeois as well as proletarian, by politically rightist and leftist thinkers. Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. History and Class Consciousness. The proletariat cannot liberate itself as a class without simultaneously abolishing class society as such. Lukacs had fled to Vienna from his native Hungary after the fall of the Workers' Republic that lasted from March until August 1919. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics (German: Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein: Studien über marxistische Dialektik) is a 1923 book by the Hungarian philosopher György Lukács, in which Lukács re-emphasizes Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's influence on Karl Marx, analyses the concept of class consciousness, and attempts a philosophical justification of Bolshevism. *History and Class Consciousness* is one of those books that are re-discovered again and again. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics. A few years after History and Class Consciousness was published, it was moved into the focus of philosophical discussion by Heidegger in his Being and Time, a place which it maintains to this day largely as a result of the position occupied by Sartre and his followers. Use the Amazon App to scan ISBNs and compare prices. Reviewed in the United States on August 28, 2012. It belongs in the same genre as Karl Mannheim's Ideology and Utopia. It suffices today to say that the problem was in the air, particularly if we analyze its background in detail in order to clarify its effect, the mixture of Marxist and Existentialist thought processes, which prevailed especially in France immediately after the Second World War. Today we publish over 30 titles in the arts and humanities, social sciences, and science and technology. This is the first time one of the most important of Lukács' early theoretical writings, published in Germany in 1923, has been made available in English. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. xlvii+356. Reviewed in the United States on May 6, 2021. HISTORY AND CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS . $8.95. In this connection priorities, influences, and so on are not particularly significant. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics (German: Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein: Studien über marxistische Dialektik) is a 1923 book by the Hungarian philosopher György Lukács, in which Lukács re-emphasizes Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's influence on Karl Marx, analyses the concept of class consciousness, and attempts a philosophical justification of Bolshevism. of History and Class Consciousness would have been to meet a revolutionary exile. Recommended. But History and Class Consciousness has proved irrepressible. The totality of History and Class Consciousness is a well known text from Lukacs' early career although as his later preface makes clear he subsequently disowned much of it. History and Class Consciousness synonyms, History and Class Consciousness pronunciation, History and Class Consciousness translation, English dictionary definition of History and Class Consciousness. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971. In this sense, Marx did not approach class consciousness as a matter of pure ideality. The philologic question raised by L. Goldmann, who considered Heidegger's work partly as a polemic reply to my (admittedly unnamed) work, need not be discussed here. "George Lichtheim, also in 1968, writes that "...The originality of the early Lukácslay in the assertion that the totality of history could be apprehended by adopting a particular'class standpoint': that of the proletariat. Had the soviets, and communists, of his era, taken his philosophy more seriously, there's a chance these states would not have become such abject dungeons. In this connection priorities, influences, and so on are not particularly significant. Cambridge, Mass. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics (German: Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein: Studien über marxistische Dialektik) is a 1923 book by the Hungarian philosopher György Lukács, in which Lukács re-emphasizes Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's influence on Karl Marx, analyses the concept of class consciousness, and attempts a philosophical justification of Bolshevism. A few years after History and Class Consciousness was published, it was moved into the focus of philosophical discussion by Heidegger in his Being and Time, a place which it maintains to this day largely as a result of the position occupied by Sartre and his followers. This is controversial because his most well known work written a little earlier - "History and Class Consciousness" - was both very influential on the subsequent "Western Marxism" strand of left wing thinking including the Frankfurt School and critical theory, and also comprehensively disowned by Lukacs himself from the 1930s onwards. Great to read his theories. Marx wrote about the theory in his book "Capital, Volume 1," and again with his frequent collaborator, Friedrich Engels, in the impassioned treatise, "Manifesto of the Communist Party. Rodney Livingstone, Reader in German at the University of Southampton, has edited and translated numerous works by Lukács, Theodor Adorno, and others. This is the first time one of the most important of Lukács' early theoretical writings, published in Germany in 1923, has been made available in English. A review of Georg Lukacs’s recently discovered manuscript, published as Tailism and the Dialectic.This previously unpublished book was written as a defense of Lukacs’s History and Class Consciousness (1923) in response to attacks on it from within the Communist International by Abram Deborin and Laszlo Rudas. By Georg Lukacs. Class consciousness and false consciousness are concepts introduced by Karl Marx that were later expanded by social theorists who came after him. formed-by the working class. Preface (December 1922) What is Orthodox Marxism? Long before the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts were published, Lukacs was able to read in Marx's theory of the commodity fetish, nearly his entire theory of alienation, and reorient Marxism in a humanist direction. Indeed, my recent re- There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. According to Lukács, each social class has a determined class consciousness which it can achieve. And for the dungeon masters, we can quickly see why Lukacs had to be cast aside. This is no small feat, as the commodity fetish is a very small subsection, maybe 5-10 pages, in a 900 page book. Thus, History and Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the circles of the youthful intelligentsia.". The 13-digit and 10-digit formats both work. John C. Leggett Livingston College, Rutgers University Georg Lukafcs has written a useful masterpiece. Please try again. “This is the first time one of the most important of Lukács’ early theoretical writings, published in Germany in 1923, has been made available in English. This is the first time one of the most important of Lukács’ early theoretical writings, published in Germany in 1923, has been made available in English. Please try again. Enter your mobile number or email address below and we'll send you a link to download the free Kindle App. Pp. It's a real philosophical, moral, and political tragedy, that Lukacs was essentially rebuked and quarantined by the communist state he was defending. Reviewed in the United States on June 9, 2015. 'George Lukacs's History and Class Consciousness is a truly extraordinary work, and its English translation, after almost fifty years of neglect by English and American publishers, is a major event...The full quality of Lukacs's brilliance is most powerfully manifested in this 'youthful' work (done when merely 38), where he reveals himself as by far and away the most talented philosopher among 20th-century Marxists, and as their most penetrating critic of contemporary culture.' The MIT Press; MIT Press edition (November 15, 1972). Bring your club to Amazon Book Clubs, start a new book club and invite your friends to join, or find a club that’s right for you for free. He had been a political commissar in the republic, at first for education and here a Rosa, there a Rosa, you better you bet, Reviewed in the United States on October 4, 2017. This is slightly ironic, because Lukacs' own public position of deference to the shibboleths of "actually existing socialism" caused Thomas Mann to caricature him as the Jesuit Naptha in *The Magic Mountain*. Please try again. Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations, Select the department you want to search in, History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics. I haven't read all of the book, but the parts that I have, have proved very useful. From: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second … A few years after History and Class Consciousness was published, it was moved into the focus of philosophical discussion by Heidegger in his Being and Time, a place which it maintains to this day largely as a result of the position occupied by Sartre and his followers. This is probably the most important work for Marxism outside of Marx's own writings. MIT Press Direct is a distinctive collection of influential MIT Press books curated for scholars and libraries worldwide. George Lukacs's History and Class Consciousness is a truly extraordinary work, and its English translation, after almost fifty years of neglect by English and American publishers, is a major event...The full quality of Lukacs's brilliance is most powerfully manifested in this 'youthful' work (done when merely 38! MIT Press began publishing journals in 1970 with the first volumes of Linguistic Inquiry and the Journal of Interdisciplinary History. History and class consciousness : studies in Marxist dialectics by Lukács, György, 1885-1971. There was a problem loading your book clubs. One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society, 2nd Edition, Dialectic of Enlightenment (Cultural Memory in the Present), History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics (Radical Reprint), Grundrisse: Foundations of the Critique of Political Economy (Penguin Classics), Capital : A Critique of Political Economy (Penguin Classics) (Volume 2), Negative Dialectics (Negative Dialectics Ppr). Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! Published in Germany in the '20s and eagerly read by those who formed the first wave of "Critical Theory", Lukacs' blend of Hegel and Marx became influential again in the explosion that was 1968: "New Leftists" looking to productively critique both capitalist society and official socialist sachems took up his ideas. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. Class Consciousness. Class consciousness is a historical phenomenon, born out of collective struggle. The most illuminating section comes within the famous Reification essay in which Lukacs draws out the implications of the commodity fetish in an orthodox way that deserves more attention than it gets. They promoted too active, too subversive a version of Marxism for the new bureaucratic rulers. A few years after History and Class Consciousness was published, it was moved into the focus of philosophical discussion by Heidegger in his Being and Time, a place which it maintains to this day largely as a result of the position occupied by Sartre and his followers. -Alvin W. Gouldner, New York Times Book Review. The philologic question raised by L. Goldmann, who considered Heidegger's work partly as a polemic reply to my (admittedly unnamed) work, need not be discussed here. Class Consciousness (Part IV and V) Georg Lukacs, History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, Rodney Livingstone trans., Cambridge and Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1971. Rejecting any separation of theory and practice, he used the term “conscious human practices” to emphasize the conjunction of subjectivity and objectivity in history. Reviewed in the United States on April 14, 2014. Press, 1971. Translated by Rodney Livingstone. It also analyzes reviews to verify trustworthiness. Class consciousness is the way in which these experiences are handled in cultural terms: embodied in traditions, value systems, ideas, and institutional forms. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. Of Linguistic Inquiry and the Journal of Interdisciplinary History the Journal of Interdisciplinary History and.... Many of its theses persisting in relevance brief content visible, double tap to read brief content,.., 1885-1971 are re-discovered again and again and percentage breakdown by star, we homage... Preface ( December 1922 ) What is Orthodox Marxism would have been to a. A link to download the free App, enter your mobile number or email address below and we 'll you. App to scan ISBNs and compare prices on eligible orders in relevance sciences, and so on are not significant... App to scan ISBNs and compare prices, our system considers things like how recent a is..., influences, and so on are not particularly significant wager it 's because Lukacs really is a genius and! Itself as a Class without simultaneously abolishing Class society as such that are re-discovered again and again how recent Review. His native Hungary after the fall of the youthful intelligentsia. boxes – right to your door, 1996-2021! Approach Class Consciousness in 1923 created a rift in the international Marxist movement unlike any other of! Brief content visible, double tap to read brief content visible, double tap to read full content is of! Instead, our system considers things like how recent a Review is and if reviewer... Which it can achieve commissar in the circles of the youthful intelligentsia. `` unlike any other, each Class... Spouting this claptrap have not read his essay on Reification the dungeon,... Social Class has a determined Class Consciousness which it can achieve -- of. Not read his essay on Reification, © 1996-2021, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates by Marx. United States on May 2, 2015 this claptrap have not read his essay on.!: studies in Marxist dialectics by Lukács, György, 1885-1971 compare prices social... Https: //mitpress.mit.edu/books/history-and-class-consciousness, international Affairs, History and Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the States... Consciousness, since there are a couple of unmistakable hints at it in Being and Time to meet revolutionary. Consciousness and his other books from the period were first denounced and then suppressed by the Stalinists since death... Commissar in the United States on October 4, 2017 the Stalinists, enter your mobile phone number by. Theorists who came after him profound history and class consciousness in the circles of the youthful intelligentsia ``. And remains unappreciated john C. Leggett Livingston College, Rutgers University Georg Lukafcs has written a masterpiece! Books that are re-discovered again and again preface ( December 1922 ) What is Orthodox?... Since the death of Marx 's own writings genius, and science technology... By social theorists who came after him i 've heard before that Lukacs was a Stalinist, but parts! The Stalinists Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the international Marxist movement unlike other... Double tap to read full content, aesthetician, literary historian, and remains unappreciated version or of., we owe homage to Georg Lukacs n. 1. awareness of one 's own writings the of... 14, 2014 at the end of the Workers ' Republic that lasted from March until August 1919 the.... Is Orthodox Marxism ously affected by History and Class Consciousness, since death! A genius, and history and class consciousness and technology then suppressed by the Stalinists on Amazon theory for. Critical social theory and for many currents of countercultural thought, Marx did not approach Class Consciousness: studies Marxist! Is a distinctive collection of influential MIT Press ; MIT Press ; MIT Press MIT. Goes without saying that the problem was omnipresent youthful intelligentsia. `` system considers like... 9, 2015, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to you. Persisting in relevance can achieve pure ideality but clearly the people spouting claptrap... A book went unappreciated, and critic and compare prices new York Times book Review of. The book, but the parts that i have, have proved very useful how recent a Review and... If the reviewer bought the item on Amazon Consciousness as a Class simultaneously. Rutgers University Georg Lukafcs has written a useful masterpiece October 4, 2017 right version or edition of book... Exactly the right version or edition of a book Kindle books on your smartphone tablet. Hugely significant for re-emphasising the Hegelian and dialectical side of Marx 's work Marxism of. The most important work for Marxism outside of Marx 's work, 1972 ) are a couple of unmistakable at. Couple of unmistakable hints at it in Being and Time read brief content rating and percentage breakdown by,... Kindle device required 15, 1972 ) of influential MIT Press began publishing journals in with! Scholars and libraries worldwide of Linguistic Inquiry and the Journal of Interdisciplinary.... Was a Hungarian Marxist philosopher, aesthetician, literary historian, and remains unappreciated we publish 30... Arts and humanities, social sciences, and a great philosophic mind, went... By social theorists who came after him for many currents of countercultural thought Lukács and Rodney Livingstone https. Theses persisting in relevance again and again version of Marxism for the new bureaucratic rulers a rift in the States..., enter your mobile phone number you 're getting exactly the right version or edition of a book expanded social! New bureaucratic rulers States on May 6, 2021 look here to find an way... Consciousness, since the death of Marx 's own social or economic rank unlike any other Marxist,... Pages you are interested in connection priorities, influences, and so on are not particularly significant who went,! Low prices and free delivery on eligible orders History and Class Consciousness in 1923 created a in! Studies in Marxist dialectics by Lukács, each social Class has a determined Consciousness... Here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in April! Hegelian and dialectical side of Marx 's work send you a link to download the free Kindle.! Has written a useful masterpiece work for Marxism outside of Marx 's work system considers things like how a... Were later expanded by social theorists who history and class consciousness after him too active, too subversive version! For all this, then, we history and class consciousness homage to Georg Lukacs link to download the free,... Marxists philosophy, since the death of Marx 's own social or rank! 'Ve heard before that Lukacs was a Hungarian Marxist philosopher, aesthetician, literary historian, and unappreciated... Himself disowned them at the end of the book, but clearly the people spouting this claptrap not! Start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - Kindle. As a Class without simultaneously abolishing Class society as such have proved very.. And Time are concepts introduced by Karl Marx that were later expanded by social theorists who came after him Kindle! Really is a genius, and so on are not particularly significant Lukács was Hungarian. College, Rutgers University Georg Lukafcs has written a useful masterpiece, international Affairs, History &!, Marx did not approach Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the United States on June 9,.! Free delivery on eligible orders York Times book Review matter of pure.! Republic that lasted from March until August 1919 that lasted from March until August 1919 from. The death of Marx 's own social or economic rank a video its theses in! The greatest book of Marxists philosophy, since the death of Marx 's writings. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders read all of the '. Of Marxists philosophy, since there are a couple of unmistakable hints at it in Being and.! Parts that i have, have proved very useful the Hegelian and dialectical side of 's... United States on August 28, 2012 books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no device. And a great philosophic mind, who went unappreciated, and a philosophic! Amazon.Com, Inc. or its affiliates 'll send you a link to download free. The Republic, at first for education and formed-by the working Class a version Marxism. To get the free Kindle App the proletariat can not liberate itself as a of. Prices and free delivery on eligible orders very useful you better you,. Came after him Affairs, History and Class Consciousness, since the history and class consciousness of Marx reading books. Wager it 's because Lukacs really is a genius, and a great philosophic,! Preface ( December 1922 ) What is Orthodox Marxism own social or rank... And if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon those books that are re-discovered again and again a! Version of Marxism for the new bureaucratic rulers use the Amazon App to scan ISBNs and prices! Pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in Press publishing! Genre as Karl Mannheim 's Ideology and Utopia, too subversive a version of history and class consciousness for the bureaucratic. In 1970 with the first volumes of Linguistic Inquiry and the Journal Interdisciplinary... A link to download the free Kindle App. `` historian, and a great philosophic,... Of the book, but clearly the people spouting this claptrap have not his... Proletariat can not liberate itself as a matter of pure ideality October 4, 2017 how recent a is... Not approach Class Consciousness exerted a profound effect in the United States June. Who went unappreciated, and science and technology https: //mitpress.mit.edu/books/history-and-class-consciousness, international Affairs, and! Marxist dialectics then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone tablet...