Hunt, C.E., Lesko, S.M., Vezina, R.M., McCoy, R, Corwin, M.J., Mandell, F., Willinger, M., Hoffman, H.J., and Mitchell, A.A. (2003) Infant sleep position and associated health outcomes. Changes in alternative diagnoses such as infection, cardiovascular abnormalities, or metabolic disease, which may not show serious symptoms prior to death [6], were not considered.

However, they reviewed only deaths attributed to aspiration, suffocation, or positional asphyxia and make no mention of the number of diagnoses, if any, that were documented by death scene investigations. (1994) Infant sleep position and risk for sudden infant death syndrome: report of meeting held January 13 and 14, 1994, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. (1994) Sudden infant death syndrome. The opinions expressed are solely those of the authors. It is not currently known to what extent the decline in reported deaths is due to the adoption in 1991 of the new, more stringent, NICHD diagnostic criteria for SIDS. Physician 67(9), 1953-1956.

Rather, it is a plea to the pediatric research community to validate the nonprone infant sleeping position scientifically before it becomes inexorably imbedded in medical practice. It is likely that prone is the normal sleeping position for infants[33] and offers the deepest, most restful sleep[34,35,36,37]. Schindler, A.M. and Hausman, C. (2001) Do we need to reassess normal gross motor milestones? Inception One, Receive weekly child development tips, articles and news in your inbox. Epidemiological analysis is also weakened by its reliance on retrospective questionnaires, which are subject to recall bias, and on interviews that often illicit responses intended only to please the interrogator. We will reach out to you as soon as possible with more information, so you can start your course without delay.

Many of us work to make safe infant sleep the norm.

We’ve sent you an email with a personal link to download your copy of the IN-Report. (2003) Hormone-replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease. Make sure your crib has: The content on this site is for informational purposes only and is not intended to provide medical advice, which should be obtained from a medical professional. Hunt, C.E. Rather, they are intended to show the very low probability of a SIDS event occurring and the lower probability of it being prevented by placing an infant in the supine sleeping position. The evidence in support of the premise of this paper, while compelling, is admittedly indirect and inconclusive. We are compelled to challenge both the implied causal relationship between these observations and the SIDS mortality statistics themselves. Pediatr: Adolesc. Ottolini, M.C., Davis, B.E., Patel, K, Sachs, H.C., Gershon, N.B., and Moon, R.Y. Child Neurol., in press. If a study sample is large enough, a small effect may be statistically significant even if the association is spurious because of a confounding variable [21]. Tragically, many parents and caregivers still place babies on their stomachs to sleep. Until causal mechanisms are documented and risk/benefit ratios are identified, it may be more appropriate to regard the BTSC as investigational rather than as confirmed preventive therapy.

In 1999, 5 years after the start of the BTSC, Cote et al. Peterson, D.R., van Belle, G., and Chinn, N.M. (1979) Epidemiologic comparisons of the sudden infant death syndrome with other major components of infant mortality. In 1996, the AAP modified its recommendation, stating that placing babies to sleep on their backs has the lowest risk and is preferred.

In 1991, an expert panel convened by the U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)[11] expanded the criteria for establishing a SIDS diagnosis to include a thorough coroner’s investigation of the death scene and a review of the infant’s clinical history in addition to the performance of a complete autopsy. (1999) Prone infant sleeping despite the “Back to Sleep” campaign. J. Aust, 174(6), 302-304. (1972) Differences in sleep, waking and motor activity as a function of prone or supine resting position in the human neonate. Use the form below to send us your contact information, and we will reach out to you via email with the information on how to register. Cote, A., Russo, P., and Michaud, J. Few would argue with this. Nor is it known to what extent a decade of educating parents about modifiable risk factors such as smoking, co-sleeping, and unsafe sleeping environments has contributed to the actual decline in SIDS deaths[12]. Dramatic Assassination Plots from History and Their Outcomes Khalid Elhassan - October 29, 2020 The American Submarine Campaign in the Pacific Changed the Tides of WWII (2000) Sudden infant death syndrome. (2001) A competing risk model of sudden infant death syndrome incidence in two US birth cohorts. The Scientific World JOURNAL (2005) 5, 550–557. One possible explanation for the discrepancy is that the later study[27] excluded infants whose sleeping position may have changed after the first month due to sleeping problems or other adverse consequences of supine sleeping. Jobe, A.H. (2001) What do home monitors contribute to the SIDS problem? There are indications of a rapidly growing population of infants who show developmental abnormalities as a result of prolonged exposure to the supine position [29,30]. [5] acknowledge that “a SIDS diagnosis is not uniform throughout Japan and such a diagnosis is not made based on any internationally recognized definition.” Official views concerning a SIDS diagnosis in Japan differ among pediatricians, legal scholars of forensic medicine, and pathologists.

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